1 Ross SJ, Osborne CA, Kirk CA et al. Clinical Evaluation of Dietary Modification for Treatment of Spontaneous Chronic Renal Disease in Cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006;229(6):949-957.
2 Sparkes A, Debraekeleer J, Fritsch D, et al. An open-label, prospective study evaluating the response to feeding a veterinary therapeutic diet in cats with degenerative joint disease. J Vet Intern Med. 2010;24(3):771.
3 Frantz N, Abrahamsen M, Mickelsen S, et al. Effects of a Therapeutic Food on Clinical Measures, Cartilage Biomarkers and Metabolomic Changes in Cats with Appendicular Degenerative Joint Disease. J Vet Intern Med. 2010;24(3):771.
4 Hall JA, Jewell DE, Ephraim E (2022) Feeding cats with chronic kidney disease food supplemented with betaine and prebiotics increases total body mass and reduces uremic toxins. PLoS ONE 17(5): e0268624. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0268624
5 Jewell et al. Taste Preference in Cats is Influenced by Physiological State. Abstract: FASEB J April 2015 29:755.1
6 Only dry foods contain E.A.T. Technology. Hill's Data on File.
7 Hall et al. Cats with IRIS stage 1 and 2 chronic kidney disease maintain body weight and lean muscle mass when fed food having increased caloric density, and enhanced concentrations of carnitine and essential amino acids. Vet Rec Open. 2018; doi: 10.1136/vr.104865.
8 Kirk, CA, Hickman MA. Dietary protein requirement of cats with spontaneous renal disease (Abstr). J Veterinary Intern Med. 2000: 14 (3) 351.